The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck two times late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.